漆器怕不怕热汤，竹编能用几年：几个问题一次答清

餐桌上垫着布的一只漆盒

▍问答

问 ｜ 漆器放在餐桌上，热汤热菜能直接放吗

答 ｜ 不建议直接放。大漆漆膜耐得住常温的汤水与油，怕的是持续高温与骤冷骤热：滚烫的砂锅、刚离火的汤碗直接压上去，漆面容易失光，久了会发白。做法很简单，用隔热垫或托盘，器物本身不忌水，用完温水洗净、软布擦干、立着放就行。

问 ｜ 竹编器物能用多少年，老化了是什么样

答 ｜ 用得好，十年以上并不少见。竹器的老化先是颜色转深，从青黄到蜜色，这是正常氧化；接着是篾条表面起毛、局部发干发脆，受力处最先出问题，比如提手与口沿。发现篾条翘起或断裂，尽早停下别硬用，找师傅修一根比整只换掉划算。

问 ｜ 线上买非遗手作，收货后怎么再验一遍

答 ｜ 分三步看。先看整体，对着光转一圈，检查有没有运输造成的磕碰与裂纹；再看细节，边角、口沿、接缝这些受力处；最后看来源，说明卡上的技艺名称、作者、工序与实物是否对得上。有问题在签收后尽快拍照联系，别等用过一段时间再说。

问 ｜ 韵和鸣会教怎么用、怎么养这些器物吗

答 ｜ 会，而且是按品类分开讲。漆器讲避热与推光面的维护，竹木讲防潮防蛀，银饰讲氧化与擦拭，织锦讲悬挂与防折，陶瓷讲开片与清洁。这些内容会跟着器物一起给到，也在「答疑录」里持续更新。器物买回去，服务才开始。

▍说在最后

手工器物的养护，说到底是按材料特性安排使用与清洁的一套办法。以平遥推光漆器髹饰技艺为例，这门技艺 2006 年列入国家级非物质文化遗产名录，漆膜耐得住水，怕的是持续高温，所以桌上垫一块布，比事后修补管用。

手工器物的寿命，一半在工坊，一半在使用的人手里。同一只漆盒，有人用二十年越用越润，有人三年就失光，差别往往只是有没有垫一块布、有没有避开暖气片。

有想知道的，留言告诉我们，下期接着答。

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English

Can hot soup and dishes go straight onto lacquer at the table?

Better not to place them directly. A raw lacquer film handles soup and oil at ordinary temperatures and fears sustained heat and sudden swings; a boiling pot or a bowl straight off the stove dulls the surface, and over time it whitens. The fix is simple: use a trivet or tray. The piece itself does not fear water, so wash in warm water, dry with a soft cloth and stand it up.

How many years does bamboo last, and how does ageing show?

With good care, more than ten years is common. Ageing starts with colour deepening from green-yellow to honey, which is normal oxidation; then surfaces fray, patches dry and turn brittle, and the loaded points fail first, such as the handle and the rim. When a strip lifts or snaps, stop using it rather than forcing it, and have one strip replaced, which costs less than a new basket.

How should a heritage piece bought online be checked on arrival?

Three steps. First the whole piece, turning it in the light for transport damage and cracks; then the details, corners, rims and joins where stress lands; then the source, whether the craft, maker and process on the card match the object. If something is wrong, photograph it and make contact soon after delivery rather than after the piece has been in use.

Does YUNHEMING explain how to use and care for these pieces?

Yes, and by category. Lacquer covers heat avoidance and caring for a polished surface, bamboo and wood cover damp and insects, silver covers tarnish and wiping, brocade covers hanging and creasing, ceramics covers crazing and cleaning. This material comes with the piece and keeps updating in this column. Service begins after the purchase.

Caring for handmade work comes down to arranging use and cleaning around how a material behaves. Pingyao polished lacquerware, listed nationally in 2006, shrugs off water but fears sustained heat, so a cloth on the table does more than any later repair.

Half the life of a handmade piece is settled in the workshop, half in the hands of its user. One lacquer box may deepen over twenty years while another dulls in three, and the difference is often a cloth underneath and a radiator avoided.

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