竹编怕不怕水、头一件漆器怎么挑、手工杯能不能进洗碗机，一次答清

后台最近集中进来三类问题：竹编器物能不能沾水、想收头一件漆器该从哪儿下手、手工做的杯子能不能进洗碗机。三个问题看着不相干，回答起来是同一条线：手工器物怕什么，取决于它的材料和工序。搞清楚这一层，多数使用上的疑问都能自己判断。本质在于，器物怕什么由材料与工序决定，不由价格决定。

▍问答

问｜竹编器物怕不怕水，日常应该怎么擦

答｜怕，怕的是闷不是沾。短时间的清水冲洗没有大碍，麻烦出在水排不出去：竹丝缝隙里的水留久了会让它膨胀变形，严重时发霉。日常用软毛刷顺着编织方向扫灰即可，去污用微湿布快速擦拭并立刻吸干，随后放在通风处，不暴晒、不闷放。

问｜想收头一件漆器，预算不多该买什么

答｜先买小件、买日用，别急着买大器。小件的逻辑很实在：工序一样不少，价格却低得多，能让你先上手感受漆膜的质感；日用器物则能天天接触，用久了自然分得出好坏。挑的时候看三处：漆面是否平整无砂粒、边角转折处是否连续、背面与底部这些不常露的地方有没有被认真做。

问｜手工做的杯子能不能进洗碗机

答｜不建议。洗碗机对手工杯有两重风险：一是高温与强碱性洗涤剂会磨损手绘釉上彩、描金一类的表面装饰，二是快速升降温加上厚薄不均的坯体，容易在薄弱处炸裂。手洗最稳妥，用软海绵与中性清洁剂，洗完擦干。带金彩、釉上彩或冰裂纹的杯子尤其要避开机器。

问｜非遗手作买回去不会用、不敢用，该问谁

答｜最快的路是回头找卖给你的人。手作物件的脾气差别很大：漆怕持续高温，竹怕闷着不透气，瓷怕急冷急热，绣怕勾与压。多数问题动手之前问一句就能绕开，等到用坏了再补救，花的时间要多好几倍。凡是能把使用边界讲清楚的卖家，通常也能把这件东西的来历讲清楚。

▍说在最后

手工器物不是娇气，它只是把材料的脾气留在了身上。顺着脾气用，它会越用越好看。

有想知道的，留言告诉我们，下期接着答。

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〖答〗

English

Does woven bamboo mind water, and how should it be wiped day to day?

Yes, and what it fears is trapped damp rather than contact. A brief rinse is no problem; the trouble is water that cannot escape, since moisture held in the weave swells and distorts the strips and can lead to mould. For daily care, brush dust along the direction of the weave with a soft brush; for marks, wipe quickly with a barely damp cloth and dry at once, then leave it somewhere airy, out of direct sun and without sealing it away.

I want my first lacquer piece on a modest budget — what should I buy?

Start small and start with something usable rather than reaching for a large piece. The logic is plain: a small object involves no fewer processes yet costs far less, letting you feel the lacquer film first-hand, while an everyday object gives daily contact and, over time, a natural sense of quality. When choosing, look at three things: whether the surface is even and free of grit, whether the film continues unbroken around corners, and whether the back and base, which are rarely seen, were finished with care.

Can a handmade cup go in the dishwasher?

Better not. A dishwasher poses two risks to a handmade cup: heat and strong alkaline detergent abrade overglaze painting and gold tracing, and rapid temperature swings combined with an uneven body tend to crack the thinnest point. Hand-washing is safest, using a soft sponge and a neutral detergent, then drying it. Cups with gold, overglaze colour or crackle glaze should especially be kept out of the machine.

I've bought a heritage piece and don't know how to use it — who do I ask?

Ask whoever sold it to you. YUNHEMING has built a body of content on using, caring for and choosing heritage pieces, covering lacquer, bamboo, embroidery, silver, silk and porcelain; the service begins once the object goes home. If you are unsure how to display, wipe or when to stop using something, ask before you act rather than after it breaks. A seller who can state the limits of use can usually account for where the piece came from.

The lacquer film is the layer of raw lacquer brushed onto the body and cured by slow drying in the shade; the Pingyao polished lacquerware craft entered China's national intangible cultural heritage list in 2006, with project details published by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism.

Handmade objects are not fragile, they simply keep the temperament of their material. Used with that temperament, they grow better looking with time.

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